Explain the geomorphological processes shaped by rivers, glaciers, and sea waves.

1. Fluvial Landforms (Landforms Formed by Rivers)
 

Rivers create various landforms through the processes of erosion, transportation, and deposition.
 

Erosional Landforms

• Waterfall – Formed due to the difference in resistance between hard and soft rocks.

• Gorges and Canyons – Deep vertical valleys;
  Example: Grand Canyon.
   

Depositional Landforms

• Flood Plains – Formed by the deposition of sediments during floods.

• Delta – A flat area formed at the mouth of a river due to deposition;
  Example: Sundarbans Delta.
   

2. Glacial Landforms (Landforms Formed by Glaciers)
 

Glaciers are ice-covered regions that slowly erode the land and form various features.
 

Erosional Features

• U-Shaped Valleys – Broad valleys carved by glaciers.

• Cirques (Corrie) – Semi-circular bowl-shaped hollows.
   

Depositional Features

• Moraines – Rock debris deposited by glaciers.
   

3. Coastal Landforms (Landforms Formed by Sea Waves)
 

Sea waves continuously hit coastal rocks, shaping various landforms.
 

Erosional Features

• Sea Caves – Formed when waves continuously erode weak parts of coastal rocks.

• Sea Arches – Natural arches formed when sea caves enlarge and break through.
   

Depositional Features

• Beaches – Formed by the accumulation of sand by sea waves.

• Sand Dunes – Mounds of sand formed in coastal or desert areas.